Estrogenicity of Major Organic Chemicals in Cigarette Sidestream Smoke Particulate Matter

We previously found that cigarette sidestream smoke particulate matter (CSSP) could activate estrogen receptor ERα to generate estrogen-like tumor-promoting effects. This study sought identify the compounds responsible for CSSP estrogenicity. first identified component using a combination of GC-MS and mass spectral matching. Based on computational estrogenicity prediction, nine potential estrogenic were selected second identification quantification. Their activities at levels detected in verified an estrogen-responsive reporter assay. Only catechol, possible human carcinogen, showed significant activity, but activity was too low justify Even so, mixture these reconstituted according their contents produced almost one third CSSP. These acted synergistically induce greater effects without apparent activities. Nicotine accounted approximately 16% total mass. The high abundance raises concerns about nicotine toxicity, including potentially working together with chemicals promote tumor growth. In summary, this presents tiered testing approach chemicals. Although no individual components are accountable estrogenicity, low-dose warrant public health concerns.